![]() These windows were still relatively small (at least in peasants' houses) - ~30-70 cm in height. In 17th century "beatiful windows" became affordable to commoners too, although in peasant houses having 3 windows was still a luxury. in winter they were closed with shutters (sometimes padded with cloth or felt) to save warmth some shutters had smaller windows (with mica or other kind of light-passing material) to allow for at least some light to pas. roe wrappings), oiled paper or mica slices (which, arguably, gave same amount of light as the low quality glass of the era). Instead of glass they could use animal bladder, certain parts of fish (e.g. "red" or "beautiful windows"), which were bigger and could be used to pass light too. The poorest peasants could just release smoke through the door. Those usually didn't have glass though and were closed with () (thus the name in Russian, "волоковое окно", from "волочь", "to pull or slide"). Most poorer (and some rich) houses had small windows for at least one purpose: the hearths often didn't have chimneys, so smoke needed to be leave the house out somehow (this practice is knows as "топить по-чёрному", "black heating"). Zaporizhian and Don Cossacks), peaking after the fall of Crimean Khanate in 18th century (which is outside of scope of the original question, I guess =)). Sloboda Ukraine or Niz) and state-evading (e.g. In 14-16 century, with expansion of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Moscow, the colonization become more systematic, both state-supported (e.g. Most known example were "Black Hats" who became vassals of Kiev Kipchaks had semi-permanent cities of Sharukan and Sugrov, destroyed by Russian "crusade" in 1111 etc.) (Interesting enough, opposite process - nomadic tribes settling down - also took place. Princes of the southern Russian principalities (Novgorod-Seversky etc.) were known to build fortresses along the frontier, but there's no known continuity for them after the Mongol invasion Some notable examples in the early Middle Ages were short-living exclaves Oleshye (lower Dnieper), Tmutarakan (Taman peninsula, lost to ERE quickly) and Belaya Vezha (former Sarkel, the capital of Khazaria). The Steppe Proper was, as you correctly say, harder to colonize. You can see on the map, that East European forest steppe overlaps with big portions of Rus principalities (Kiev, Chernigov, Ryazan, Novgorod-Seversky). It has some woods, but certainly less than the "true" Pontic steppe. In Russia we use term "лесостепь" for the transitional form, but I didn't know if there's an equivalent in English ( and it exists). It helped build relationships and armies :) He had the official residence but mostly would just travel from noble house to monastery over all the country. ![]() The king and his close suite didn't usually spend much time in one place. In either case the lord's or king's dwelling didn't vary much from the one usual noblemen had. There are various types of noble dwellings depending on geographical area and military purpose.Ĭastles were either purely military, with one keep and fortifications, or a mixed used type which contained also several dwellings. Usually a very large basement used as storage. They had small windows, shingled roofs and ovens with chimneys. The lesser ones still made out of mud or wood, while the bigger ones out of stone or brick. ![]() Gentlefolk had two or three roomed houses. They had little furniture, slept on the ground, no windows because glass was expensive, fire was made a shallow hole in the middle of the floor, and the dwelling usually housed the animals the family kept as well (farm animals). Instructions and advice on how to best do an AMA.įor every day folk, meaning peasants and generally poor people, the standard dwellings would be a mud, one room hut with a thatch roof or a burrow in the ground (good winter insulation) for the plains one room huts made of logs in the mountain areas. Want to do an AMA or know someone who does? Message the mods! Comments should be on-topic and contribute.ĭiscussions are limited to events over 20 years ago.If a post breaks one of our rules or guidelines you will be informed about it. So it is perfectly normally for your post to not show up in the new listing. Feel free to submit interesting articles, tell us about this cool book you just read, or start a discussion about who everyone's favorite figure of minor French nobility is!Īll posts will be reviewed by a human moderator first before they become visible to all subscribers on the subreddit. r/History is a place for discussions about history. Join the r/history Discord server to chat with other history enthusiast!
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